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<div class="refentry">
<a name="man.mdig"></a><div class="titlepage"></div>
<div class="refnamediv">
<h2>Name</h2>
mdig &#8212; DNS pipelined lookup utility
</div>
<div class="refsynopsisdiv">
<h2>Synopsis</h2>
<div class="cmdsynopsis"><code class="command">mdig</code> {@server} [<code class="option">-f <code>filename</code></code>] [<code class="option">-h</code>] [<code class="option">-v</code>] [[<code class="option">-4</code>] | [<code class="option">-6</code>]] [<code class="option">-m</code>] [<code class="option">-b <code>address</code></code>] [<code class="option">-p <code>port#</code></code>] [<code class="option">-c <code>class</code></code>] [<code class="option">-t <code>type</code></code>] [<code class="option">-i</code>] [<code class="option">-x <code>addr</code></code>] [plusopt...]</div>
<div class="cmdsynopsis"><code class="command">mdig</code> {-h}</div>
<div class="cmdsynopsis"><code class="command">mdig</code> [@server] {global-opt...} {
 {local-opt...}
 {query}
 ...}</div>
</div>
<div class="refsection">
<a name="id-1.14.22.7"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
mdig
 is a multiple/pipelined query version of dig:
 instead of waiting for a response after sending each query,
 it begins by sending all queries. Responses are displayed in
 the order in which they are received, not in the order the
 corresponding queries were sent.
 

 mdig options are a subset of the
 dig options, and are divided into "anywhere
 options" which can occur anywhere, "global options" which must
 occur before the query name (or they are ignored with a warning),
 and "local options" which apply to the next query on the command
 line.
 

 The {@server} option is a mandatory global
 option. It is the name or IP address of the name server to query.
 (Unlike dig, this value is not retrieved from
 <code class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</code>.) It can be an IPv4 address
 in dotted-decimal notation, an IPv6 address in colon-delimited
 notation, or a hostname. When the supplied
 <code>server</code> argument is a hostname,
 mdig resolves that name before querying
 the name server.
 
mdig
 provides a number of query options which affect
 the way in which lookups are made and the results displayed. Some of
 these set or reset flag bits in the query header, some determine which
 sections of the answer get printed, and others determine the timeout
 and retry strategies.
 

 Each query option is identified by a keyword preceded by a plus
 sign (<code class="literal">+</code>). Some keywords set or reset an
 option. These may be preceded by the string <code class="literal">no</code>
 to negate the meaning of that keyword. Other keywords assign
 values to options like the timeout interval. They have the
 form <code class="option">+keyword=value</code>.
 
</div>
<div class="refsection">
<a name="id-1.14.22.8"></a><h2>ANYWHERE OPTIONS</h2>

 The <code class="option">-f</code> option makes mdig
 operate in batch mode by reading a list of lookup requests to
 process from the file <code>filename</code>. The file
 contains a number of queries, one per line. Each entry in the
 file should be organized in the same way they would be presented
 as queries to mdig using the command-line interface.
 

 The <code class="option">-h</code> causes mdig to
 print the detailed help with the full list of options and exit.
 

 The <code class="option">-v</code> causes mdig to
 print the version number and exit.
 
</div>
<div class="refsection">
<a name="id-1.14.22.9"></a><h2>GLOBAL OPTIONS</h2>

 The <code class="option">-4</code> option forces mdig to
 only use IPv4 query transport.
 

 The <code class="option">-6</code> option forces mdig to
 only use IPv6 query transport.
 

 The <code class="option">-b</code> option sets the source IP address of the
 query to <code>address</code>. This must be a valid
 address on one of the host's network interfaces or "0.0.0.0" or
 "::". An optional port may be specified by appending
 "#&lt;port&gt;"
 

 The <code class="option">-m</code> option enables memory usage debugging.
 

 The <code class="option">-p</code> option is used when a non-standard port
 number is to be queried.
 <code>port#</code> is the port number
 that mdig will send its queries instead of
 the standard DNS port number 53. This option would be used to
 test a name server that has been configured to listen for
 queries on a non-standard port number.
 

 The global query options are:
 
<div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist">
<dt><code class="option">+[no]additional</code></dt>
<dd>
 Display [do not display] the additional section of a
 reply. The default is to display it.
 </dd>
<dt><code class="option">+[no]all</code></dt>
<dd>
 Set or clear all display flags.
 </dd>
<dt><code class="option">+[no]answer</code></dt>
<dd>
 Display [do not display] the answer section of a
 reply. The default is to display it.
 </dd>
<dt><code class="option">+[no]authority</code></dt>
<dd>
 Display [do not display] the authority section of a
 reply. The default is to display it.
 </dd>
<dt><code class="option">+[no]besteffort</code></dt>
<dd>
 Attempt to display the contents of messages which are
 malformed. The default is to not display malformed
 answers.
 </dd>
<dt><code class="option">+burst</code></dt>
<dd>
 This option delays queries until the start of the next second.
 </dd>
<dt><code class="option">+[no]cl</code></dt>
<dd>
 Display [do not display] the CLASS when printing the
 record.
 </dd>
<dt><code class="option">+[no]comments</code></dt>
<dd>
 Toggle the display of comment lines in the output.
 The default is to print comments.
 </dd>
<dt><code class="option">+[no]continue</code></dt>
<dd>
 Continue on errors (e.g. timeouts).
 </dd>
<dt><code class="option">+[no]crypto</code></dt>
<dd>
 Toggle the display of cryptographic fields in DNSSEC
 records. The contents of these field are unnecessary
 to debug most DNSSEC validation failures and removing
 them makes it easier to see the common failures. The
 default is to display the fields. When omitted they
 are replaced by the string "[omitted]" or in the
 DNSKEY case the key id is displayed as the replacement,
 e.g. "[ key id = value ]".
 </dd>
<dt><code class="option">+dscp[=value]</code></dt>
<dd>
 Set the DSCP code point to be used when sending the
 query. Valid DSCP code points are in the range
 [0..63]. By default no code point is explicitly set.
 </dd>
<dt><code class="option">+[no]multiline</code></dt>
<dd>
 Print records like the SOA records in a verbose
 multi-line format with human-readable comments. The
 default is to print each record on a single line, to
 facilitate machine parsing of the mdig
 output.
 </dd>
<dt><code class="option">+[no]question</code></dt>
<dd>
 Print [do not print] the question section of a query
 when an answer is returned. The default is to print
 the question section as a comment.
 </dd>
<dt><code class="option">+[no]rrcomments</code></dt>
<dd>
 Toggle the display of per-record comments in the
 output (for example, human-readable key information
 about DNSKEY records). The default is not to print
 record comments unless multiline mode is active.
 </dd>
<dt><code class="option">+[no]short</code></dt>
<dd>
 Provide a terse answer. The default is to print the
 answer in a verbose form.
 </dd>
<dt><code class="option">+split=W</code></dt>
<dd>
 Split long hex- or base64-formatted fields in resource
 records into chunks of <code>W</code>
 characters (where <code>W</code> is rounded
 up to the nearest multiple of 4).
 <code>+nosplit</code> or
 <code>+split=0</code> causes fields not to
 be split at all. The default is 56 characters, or
 44 characters when multiline mode is active.
 </dd>
<dt><code class="option">+[no]tcp</code></dt>
<dd>
 Use [do not use] TCP when querying name servers. The
 default behavior is to use UDP.
 </dd>
<dt><code class="option">+[no]ttlid</code></dt>
<dd>
 Display [do not display] the TTL when printing the
 record.
 </dd>
<dt><code class="option">+[no]ttlunits</code></dt>
<dd>
 Display [do not display] the TTL in friendly human-readable
 time units of "s", "m", "h", "d", and "w", representing
 seconds, minutes, hours, days and weeks. Implies +ttlid.
 </dd>
<dt><code class="option">+[no]vc</code></dt>
<dd>
 Use [do not use] TCP when querying name servers. This
 alternate syntax to <code>+[no]tcp</code>
 is provided for backwards compatibility. The "vc"
 stands for "virtual circuit".
 </dd>
</dl></div>

</div>
<div class="refsection">
<a name="id-1.14.22.10"></a><h2>LOCAL OPTIONS</h2>

 The <code class="option">-c</code> option sets the query class to
 <code>class</code>. It can be any valid query class
 which is supported in BIND 9. The default query class is "IN".
 

 The <code class="option">-t</code> option sets the query type to
 <code>type</code>. It can be any valid query type
 which is supported in BIND 9. The default query type is "A",
 unless the <code class="option">-x</code> option is supplied to indicate
 a reverse lookup with the "PTR" query type.
 

 The <code class="option">-i</code> option sets the reverse domain for
 IPv6 addresses to IP6.INT.
 

 Reverse lookups &#8212; mapping addresses to names &#8212; are
 simplified by the <code class="option">-x</code> option.
 <code>addr</code> is an IPv4
 address in dotted-decimal notation, or a colon-delimited IPv6 address.
 mdig automatically performs a lookup for a
 query name like <code class="literal">11.12.13.10.in-addr.arpa</code> and
 sets the query type and class to PTR and IN respectively.
 By default, IPv6 addresses are looked up using nibble format
 under the IP6.ARPA domain. To use the older RFC1886 method
 using the IP6.INT domain specify the <code class="option">-i</code> option.
 

 The local query options are:
 
<div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist">
<dt><code class="option">+[no]aaflag</code></dt>
<dd>
 A synonym for <code>+[no]aaonly</code>.
 </dd>
<dt><code class="option">+[no]aaonly</code></dt>
<dd>
 Sets the "aa" flag in the query.
 </dd>
<dt><code class="option">+[no]adflag</code></dt>
<dd>
 Set [do not set] the AD (authentic data) bit in the
 query. This requests the server to return whether
 all of the answer and authority sections have all
 been validated as secure according to the security
 policy of the server. AD=1 indicates that all records
 have been validated as secure and the answer is not
 from a OPT-OUT range. AD=0 indicate that some part
 of the answer was insecure or not validated. This
 bit is set by default.
 </dd>
<dt><code class="option">+bufsize=B</code></dt>
<dd>
 Set the UDP message buffer size advertised using EDNS0
 to <code>B</code> bytes. The maximum and
 minimum sizes of this buffer are 65535 and 0 respectively.
 Values outside this range are rounded up or down
 appropriately. Values other than zero will cause a
 EDNS query to be sent.
 </dd>
<dt><code class="option">+[no]cdflag</code></dt>
<dd>
 Set [do not set] the CD (checking disabled) bit in
 the query. This requests the server to not perform
 DNSSEC validation of responses.
 </dd>
<dt><code class="option">+[no]cookie[=####]</code></dt>
<dd>
	 Send a COOKIE EDNS option, with optional value.
	 Replaying a COOKIE from a previous response will allow
	 the server to identify a previous client. The default
	 is <code class="option">+nocookie</code>.
	 </dd>
<dt><code class="option">+[no]dnssec</code></dt>
<dd>
 Requests DNSSEC records be sent by setting the DNSSEC
 OK bit (DO) in the OPT record in the additional section
 of the query.
 </dd>
<dt><code class="option">+[no]edns[=#]</code></dt>
<dd>
 Specify the EDNS version to query with. Valid values
 are 0 to 255. Setting the EDNS version will cause
 a EDNS query to be sent. <code class="option">+noedns</code>
 clears the remembered EDNS version. EDNS is set to
 0 by default.
 </dd>
<dt><code class="option">+[no]ednsflags[=#]</code></dt>
<dd>
 Set the must-be-zero EDNS flags bits (Z bits) to the
 specified value. Decimal, hex and octal encodings are
 accepted. Setting a named flag (e.g. DO) will silently be
 ignored. By default, no Z bits are set.
 </dd>
<dt><code class="option">+[no]ednsopt[=code[:value]]</code></dt>
<dd>
 Specify EDNS option with code point <code class="option">code</code>
 and optionally payload of <code class="option">value</code> as a
 hexadecimal string. <code class="option">+noednsopt</code>
 clears the EDNS options to be sent.
 </dd>
<dt><code class="option">+[no]expire</code></dt>
<dd>
 Send an EDNS Expire option.
 </dd>
<dt><code class="option">+[no]nsid</code></dt>
<dd>
 Include an EDNS name server ID request when sending
 a query.
 </dd>
<dt><code class="option">+[no]recurse</code></dt>
<dd>
 Toggle the setting of the RD (recursion desired) bit
 in the query. This bit is set by default, which means
 mdig normally sends recursive
 queries.
 </dd>
<dt><code class="option">+retry=T</code></dt>
<dd>
 Sets the number of times to retry UDP queries to
 server to <code>T</code> instead of the
 default, 2. Unlike <code>+tries</code>,
 this does not include the initial query.
 </dd>
<dt><code class="option">+[no]subnet=addr[/prefix-length]</code></dt>
<dd>

	 Send (don't send) an EDNS Client Subnet option with the
 specified IP address or network prefix.
	 

 mdig +subnet=0.0.0.0/0, or simply
 mdig +subnet=0 for short, sends an EDNS
 client-subnet option with an empty address and a source
 prefix-length of zero, which signals a resolver that
 the client's address information must
 not be used when resolving
 this query.
	 
</dd>
<dt><code class="option">+timeout=T</code></dt>
<dd>
 Sets the timeout for a query to
 <code>T</code> seconds. The default
 timeout is 5 seconds for UDP transport and 10 for TCP.
 An attempt to set <code>T</code> to less
 than 1 will result
 in a query timeout of 1 second being applied.
 </dd>
<dt><code class="option">+tries=T</code></dt>
<dd>
 Sets the number of times to try UDP queries to server
 to <code>T</code> instead of the default,
 3. If <code>T</code> is less than or equal
 to zero, the number of tries is silently rounded up
 to 1.
 </dd>
<dt><code class="option">+udptimeout=T</code></dt>
<dd>
 Sets the timeout between UDP query retries.
 </dd>
<dt><code class="option">+[no]unknownformat</code></dt>
<dd>
	 Print all RDATA in unknown RR type presentation format
	 (RFC 3597). The default is to print RDATA for known types
	 in the type's presentation format.
	 </dd>
<dt><code class="option">+[no]zflag</code></dt>
<dd>
 Set [do not set] the last unassigned DNS header flag in a
 DNS query. This flag is off by default.
 </dd>
</dl></div>

</div>
<div class="refsection">
<a name="id-1.14.22.11"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
dig(1),
 RFC1035.
 
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