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 <div class="section" id="file-uploading-class">
<h1>File Uploading Class<a class="headerlink" href="#file-uploading-class" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
CodeIgniter&#8217;s File Uploading Class permits files to be uploaded. You can
set various preferences, restricting the type and size of the files.
<div class="contents local topic" id="contents">
<ul class="simple">
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#the-process" id="id1">The Process</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#creating-the-upload-form" id="id2">Creating the Upload Form</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#the-success-page" id="id3">The Success Page</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#the-controller" id="id4">The Controller</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#the-upload-directory" id="id5">The Upload Directory</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#try-it" id="id6">Try it!</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#reference-guide" id="id7">Reference Guide</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#initializing-the-upload-class" id="id8">Initializing the Upload Class</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#setting-preferences" id="id9">Setting Preferences</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#preferences" id="id10">Preferences</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#setting-preferences-in-a-config-file" id="id11">Setting preferences in a config file</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#class-reference" id="id12">Class Reference</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="custom-index container"></div><div class="section" id="the-process">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id1">The Process</a><a class="headerlink" href="#the-process" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
Uploading a file involves the following general process:
<ul class="simple">
<li>An upload form is displayed, allowing a user to select a file and
upload it.</li>
<li>When the form is submitted, the file is uploaded to the destination
you specify.</li>
<li>Along the way, the file is validated to make sure it is allowed to be
uploaded based on the preferences you set.</li>
<li>Once uploaded, the user will be shown a success message.</li>
</ul>
To demonstrate this process here is brief tutorial. Afterward you&#8217;ll
find reference information.
<div class="section" id="creating-the-upload-form">
<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id2">Creating the Upload Form</a><a class="headerlink" href="#creating-the-upload-form" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
Using a text editor, create a form called upload_form.php. In it, place
this code and save it to your application/views/ directory:
<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre>&lt;html&gt;
&lt;head&gt;
&lt;title&gt;Upload Form&lt;/title&gt;
&lt;/head&gt;
&lt;body&gt;

&lt;?php echo $error;?&gt;

&lt;?php echo form_open_multipart(&#39;upload/do_upload&#39;);?&gt;

&lt;input type=&quot;file&quot; name=&quot;userfile&quot; size=&quot;20&quot; /&gt;

&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;

&lt;input type=&quot;submit&quot; value=&quot;upload&quot; /&gt;

&lt;/form&gt;

&lt;/body&gt;
&lt;/html&gt;
</pre></div>
</div>
You&#8217;ll notice we are using a form helper to create the opening form tag.
File uploads require a multipart form, so the helper creates the proper
syntax for you. You&#8217;ll also notice we have an $error variable. This is
so we can show error messages in the event the user does something
wrong.
</div>
<div class="section" id="the-success-page">
<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id3">The Success Page</a><a class="headerlink" href="#the-success-page" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
Using a text editor, create a form called upload_success.php. In it,
place this code and save it to your application/views/ directory:
<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre>&lt;html&gt;
&lt;head&gt;
&lt;title&gt;Upload Form&lt;/title&gt;
&lt;/head&gt;
&lt;body&gt;

&lt;h3&gt;Your file was successfully uploaded!&lt;/h3&gt;

&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;?php foreach ($upload_data as $item =&gt; $value):?&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;?php echo $item;?&gt;: &lt;?php echo $value;?&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;?php endforeach; ?&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;?php echo anchor(&#39;upload&#39;, &#39;Upload Another File!&#39;); ?&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;/body&gt;
&lt;/html&gt;
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="the-controller">
<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id4">The Controller</a><a class="headerlink" href="#the-controller" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
Using a text editor, create a controller called Upload.php. In it, place
this code and save it to your application/controllers/ directory:
<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre>&lt;?php

class Upload extends CI_Controller {

public function __construct()
 {
 parent::__construct();
 $this-&gt;load-&gt;helper(array(&#39;form&#39;, &#39;url&#39;));
 }

public function index()
 {
 $this-&gt;load-&gt;view(&#39;upload_form&#39;, array(&#39;error&#39; =&gt; &#39; &#39; ));
 }

public function do_upload()
 {
 $config[&#39;upload_path&#39;] = &#39;./uploads/&#39;;
 $config[&#39;allowed_types&#39;] = &#39;gif|jpg|png&#39;;
 $config[&#39;max_size&#39;] = 100;
 $config[&#39;max_width&#39;] = 1024;
 $config[&#39;max_height&#39;] = 768;

$this-&gt;load-&gt;library(&#39;upload&#39;, $config);

if ( ! $this-&gt;upload-&gt;do_upload(&#39;userfile&#39;))
 {
 $error = array(&#39;error&#39; =&gt; $this-&gt;upload-&gt;display_errors());

$this-&gt;load-&gt;view(&#39;upload_success&#39;, $data);
 }
 }
}
?&gt;
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="the-upload-directory">
<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id5">The Upload Directory</a><a class="headerlink" href="#the-upload-directory" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
You&#8217;ll need a destination directory for your uploaded images. Create a
directory at the root of your CodeIgniter installation called uploads
and set its file permissions to 777.
</div>
<div class="section" id="try-it">
<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id6">Try it!</a><a class="headerlink" href="#try-it" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
To try your form, visit your site using a URL similar to this one:
<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre>example.com/index.php/upload/
</pre></div>
</div>
You should see an upload form. Try uploading an image file (either a
jpg, gif, or png). If the path in your controller is correct it should
work.
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="reference-guide">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id7">Reference Guide</a><a class="headerlink" href="#reference-guide" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<div class="section" id="initializing-the-upload-class">
<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id8">Initializing the Upload Class</a><a class="headerlink" href="#initializing-the-upload-class" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
Like most other classes in CodeIgniter, the Upload class is initialized
in your controller using the <tt class="docutils literal">$this-&gt;load-&gt;library()</tt> method:
<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre>$this-&gt;load-&gt;library(&#39;upload&#39;);
</pre></div>
</div>
Once the Upload class is loaded, the object will be available using:
$this-&gt;upload
</div>
<div class="section" id="setting-preferences">
<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id9">Setting Preferences</a><a class="headerlink" href="#setting-preferences" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
Similar to other libraries, you&#8217;ll control what is allowed to be upload
based on your preferences. In the controller you built above you set the
following preferences:
<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre>$config[&#39;upload_path&#39;] = &#39;./uploads/&#39;;
$config[&#39;allowed_types&#39;] = &#39;gif|jpg|png&#39;;
$config[&#39;max_size&#39;] = &#39;100&#39;;
$config[&#39;max_width&#39;] = &#39;1024&#39;;
$config[&#39;max_height&#39;] = &#39;768&#39;;

// Alternately you can set preferences by calling the ``initialize()`` method. Useful if you auto-load the class:
$this-&gt;upload-&gt;initialize($config);
</pre></div>
</div>
The above preferences should be fairly self-explanatory. Below is a
table describing all available preferences.
</div>
<div class="section" id="preferences">
<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id10">Preferences</a><a class="headerlink" href="#preferences" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
The following preferences are available. The default value indicates
what will be used if you do not specify that preference.
<table border="1" class="docutils">
<colgroup>
<col width="20%" />
<col width="12%" />
<col width="16%" />
<col width="51%" />
</colgroup>
<thead valign="bottom">
<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head">Preference</th>
<th class="head">Default Value</th>
<th class="head">Options</th>
<th class="head">Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody valign="top">
<tr class="row-even"><td>upload_path</td>
<td>None</td>
<td>None</td>
<td>The path to the directory where the upload should be placed. The
directory must be writable and the path can be absolute or relative.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>allowed_types</td>
<td>None</td>
<td>None</td>
<td>The mime types corresponding to the types of files you allow to be
uploaded. Usually the file extension can be used as the mime type.
Can be either an array or a pipe-separated string.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>file_name</td>
<td>None</td>
<td>Desired file name</td>
<td>If set CodeIgniter will rename the uploaded file to this name. The
extension provided in the file name must also be an allowed file type.
If no extension is provided in the original file_name will be used.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>file_ext_tolower</td>
<td>FALSE</td>
<td>TRUE/FALSE (boolean)</td>
<td>If set to TRUE, the file extension will be forced to lower case</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>overwrite</td>
<td>FALSE</td>
<td>TRUE/FALSE (boolean)</td>
<td>If set to true, if a file with the same name as the one you are
uploading exists, it will be overwritten. If set to false, a number will
be appended to the filename if another with the same name exists.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>max_size</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>None</td>
<td>The maximum size (in kilobytes) that the file can be. Set to zero for no
limit. Note: Most PHP installations have their own limit, as specified
in the php.ini file. Usually 2 MB (or 2048 KB) by default.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>max_width</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>None</td>
<td>The maximum width (in pixels) that the image can be. Set to zero for no
limit.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>max_height</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>None</td>
<td>The maximum height (in pixels) that the image can be. Set to zero for no
limit.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>min_width</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>None</td>
<td>The minimum width (in pixels) that the image can be. Set to zero for no
limit.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>min_height</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>None</td>
<td>The minimum height (in pixels) that the image can be. Set to zero for no
limit.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>max_filename</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>None</td>
<td>The maximum length that a file name can be. Set to zero for no limit.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>max_filename_increment</td>
<td>100</td>
<td>None</td>
<td>When overwrite is set to FALSE, use this to set the maximum filename
increment for CodeIgniter to append to the filename.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>encrypt_name</td>
<td>FALSE</td>
<td>TRUE/FALSE (boolean)</td>
<td>If set to TRUE the file name will be converted to a random encrypted
string. This can be useful if you would like the file saved with a name
that can not be discerned by the person uploading it.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>remove_spaces</td>
<td>TRUE</td>
<td>TRUE/FALSE (boolean)</td>
<td>If set to TRUE, any spaces in the file name will be converted to
underscores. This is recommended.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>detect_mime</td>
<td>TRUE</td>
<td>TRUE/FALSE (boolean)</td>
<td>If set to TRUE, a server side detection of the file type will be
performed to avoid code injection attacks. DO NOT disable this option
unless you have no other option as that would cause a security risk.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>mod_mime_fix</td>
<td>TRUE</td>
<td>TRUE/FALSE (boolean)</td>
<td>If set to TRUE, multiple filename extensions will be suffixed with an
underscore in order to avoid triggering <a class="reference external" href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.0/mod/mod_mime.html#multipleext">Apache mod_mime</a>.
DO NOT turn off this option if your upload directory is public, as this
is a security risk.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="section" id="setting-preferences-in-a-config-file">
<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id11">Setting preferences in a config file</a><a class="headerlink" href="#setting-preferences-in-a-config-file" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
If you prefer not to set preferences using the above method, you can
instead put them into a config file. Simply create a new file called the
upload.php, add the $config array in that file. Then save the file in:
config/upload.php and it will be used automatically. You will NOT
need to use the <tt class="docutils literal">$this-&gt;upload-&gt;initialize()</tt> method if you save your
preferences in a config file.
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="class-reference">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id12">Class Reference</a><a class="headerlink" href="#class-reference" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<dl class="class">
<dt id="CI_Upload">
class <tt class="descname">CI_Upload</tt><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_Upload" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><dl class="method">
<dt id="CI_Upload::initialize">
<tt class="descname">initialize</tt><big>(</big>[array $config = array()[, $reset = TRUE]]<big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_Upload::initialize" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
<col class="field-name" />
<col class="field-body" />
<tbody valign="top">
<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple">
<li>$config (array) &#8211; Preferences</li>
<li>$reset (bool) &#8211; Whether to reset preferences (that are not provided in $config) to their defaults</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body">CI_Upload instance (method chaining)
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body">CI_Upload
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="method">
<dt id="CI_Upload::do_upload">
<tt class="descname">do_upload</tt><big>(</big>[$field = 'userfile']<big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_Upload::do_upload" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
<col class="field-name" />
<col class="field-body" />
<tbody valign="top">
<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple">
<li>$field (string) &#8211; Name of the form field</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body">TRUE on success, FALSE on failure
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body">bool
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
Performs the upload based on the preferences you&#8217;ve set.
<div class="admonition note">
Note
By default the upload routine expects the file to come from
a form field called userfile, and the form must be of type
&#8220;multipart&#8221;.
</div>
<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre>&lt;form method=&quot;post&quot; action=&quot;some_action&quot; enctype=&quot;multipart/form-data&quot; /&gt;
</pre></div>
</div>
If you would like to set your own field name simply pass its value to
the <tt class="docutils literal">do_upload()</tt> method:
<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre>$field_name = &quot;some_field_name&quot;;
$this-&gt;upload-&gt;do_upload($field_name);
</pre></div>
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="method">
<dt id="CI_Upload::display_errors">
<tt class="descname">display_errors</tt><big>(</big>[$open = '&lt;p&gt;'[, $close = '&lt;/p&gt;']]<big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_Upload::display_errors" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
<col class="field-name" />
<col class="field-body" />
<tbody valign="top">
<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple">
<li>$open (string) &#8211; Opening markup</li>
<li>$close (string) &#8211; Closing markup</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body">Formatted error message(s)
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body">string
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
Retrieves any error messages if the <tt class="docutils literal">do_upload()</tt> method returned
false. The method does not echo automatically, it returns the data so
you can assign it however you need.
Formatting Errors
<blockquote>
<div>By default the above method wraps any errors within &lt;p&gt; tags. You can
set your own delimiters like this:
<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre>$this-&gt;upload-&gt;display_errors(&#39;&lt;p&gt;&#39;, &#39;&lt;/p&gt;&#39;);
</pre></div>
</div>
</div></blockquote>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="method">
<dt id="CI_Upload::data">
<tt class="descname">data</tt><big>(</big>[$index = NULL]<big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_Upload::data" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
<col class="field-name" />
<col class="field-body" />
<tbody valign="top">
<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple">
<li>$data (string) &#8211; Element to return instead of the full array</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body">Information about the uploaded file
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body">mixed
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
This is a helper method that returns an array containing all of the
data related to the file you uploaded. Here is the array prototype:
<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre>Array
(
 [file_name] =&gt; mypic.jpg
 [file_type] =&gt; image/jpeg
 [file_path] =&gt; /path/to/your/upload/
 [full_path] =&gt; /path/to/your/upload/jpg.jpg
 [raw_name] =&gt; mypic
 [orig_name] =&gt; mypic.jpg
 [client_name] =&gt; mypic.jpg
 [file_ext] =&gt; .jpg
 [file_size] =&gt; 22.2
 [is_image] =&gt; 1
 [image_width] =&gt; 800
 [image_height] =&gt; 600
 [image_type] =&gt; jpeg
 [image_size_str] =&gt; width=&quot;800&quot; height=&quot;200&quot;
)
</pre></div>
</div>
To return one element from the array:
<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre>$this-&gt;upload-&gt;data(&#39;file_name&#39;); // Returns: mypic.jpg
</pre></div>
</div>
Here&#8217;s a table explaining the above-displayed array items:
<table border="1" class="docutils">
<colgroup>
<col width="14%" />
<col width="86%" />
</colgroup>
<thead valign="bottom">
<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head">Item</th>
<th class="head">Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody valign="top">
<tr class="row-even"><td>file_name</td>
<td>Name of the file that was uploaded, including the filename extension</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>file_type</td>
<td>File MIME type identifier</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>file_path</td>
<td>Absolute server path to the file</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>full_path</td>
<td>Absolute server path, including the file name</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>raw_name</td>
<td>File name, without the extension</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>orig_name</td>
<td>Original file name. This is only useful if you use the encrypted name option.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>client_name</td>
<td>File name as supplied by the client user agent, prior to any file name preparation or incrementing</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>file_ext</td>
<td>Filename extension, period included</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>file_size</td>
<td>File size in kilobytes</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>is_image</td>
<td>Whether the file is an image or not. 1 = image. 0 = not.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>image_width</td>
<td>Image width</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>image_height</td>
<td>Image height</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>image_type</td>
<td>Image type (usually the file name extension without the period)</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>image_size_str</td>
<td>A string containing the width and height (useful to put into an image tag)</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</dd></dl>

</dd></dl>

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