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layout" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhFAAUAJEAAAAAADMzM////wAAACH5BAUUAAIALAAAAAAUABQAAAImlI+py+0PU5gRBRDM3DxbWoXis42X13USOLauUIqnlsaH/eY6UwAAOw==" /> </div> </ul> <hr/> </div> <div role="main" class="document"> <div class="section" id="create-news-items"> <h1>Create news items<a class="headerlink" href="#create-news-items" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1> <p>You now know how you can read data from a database using CodeIgniter, but you haven’t written any information to the database yet. In this section you’ll expand your news controller and model created earlier to include this functionality.</p> <div class="section" id="create-a-form"> <h2>Create a form<a class="headerlink" href="#create-a-form" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> <p>To input data into the database you need to create a form where you can input the information to be stored. This means you’ll be needing a form with two fields, one for the title and one for the text. You’ll derive the slug from our title in the model. Create the new view at <em>application/views/news/create.php</em>.</p> <div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o"><</span><span class="nx">h2</span><span class="o">><?</span><span class="nx">php</span> <span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nv">$title</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="cp">?></span><span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">h2</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="cp"><?php</span> <span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nx">validation_errors</span><span class="p">();</span> <span class="cp">?></span> <span class="cp"><?php</span> <span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nx">form_open</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'news/create'</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="cp">?></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">label</span> <span class="na">for</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title"</span><span class="p">></span>Title<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">label</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">input</span> <span class="na">type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"input"</span> <span class="na">name</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title"</span> <span class="p">/><</span><span class="nt">br</span> <span class="p">/></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">label</span> <span class="na">for</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"text"</span><span class="p">></span>Text<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">label</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">textarea</span> <span class="na">name</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"text"</span><span class="p">></</span><span class="nt">textarea</span><span class="p">><</span><span class="nt">br</span> <span class="p">/></span> <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">input</span> <span class="na">type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"submit"</span> <span class="na">name</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"submit"</span> <span class="na">value</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"Create news item"</span> <span class="p">/></span> <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">form</span><span class="p">></span> </pre></div> </div> <p>There are only two things here that probably look unfamiliar to you: the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">form_open()</span></tt> function and the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">validation_errors()</span></tt> function.</p> <p>The first function is provided by the <a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/form_helper.html"><em>form helper</em></a> and renders the form element and adds extra functionality, like adding a hidden <a class="reference internal" href="../libraries/security.html"><em>CSRF prevention field</em></a>. The latter is used to report errors related to form validation.</p> <p>Go back to your news controller. You’re going to do two things here, check whether the form was submitted and whether the submitted data passed the validation rules. You’ll use the <a class="reference internal" href="../libraries/form_validation.html"><em>form validation</em></a> library to do this.</p> <div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">public</span> <span class="k">function</span> <span class="nf">create</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">load</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">helper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'form'</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">load</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">library</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'form_validation'</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="nv">$data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'title'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'Create a news item'</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">form_validation</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">set_rules</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'title'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'Title'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'required'</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">form_validation</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">set_rules</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'text'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'Text'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'required'</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">form_validation</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">run</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">===</span> <span class="k">FALSE</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">load</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">view</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'templates/header'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$data</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">load</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">view</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'news/create'</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">load</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">view</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'templates/footer'</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">news_model</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">set_news</span><span class="p">();</span> <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">load</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">view</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'news/success'</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="p">}</span> <span class="p">}</span> </pre></div> </div> <p>The code above adds a lot of functionality. The first few lines load the form helper and the form validation library. After that, rules for the form validation are set. The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_rules()</span></tt> method takes three arguments; the name of the input field, the name to be used in error messages, and the rule. In this case the title and text fields are required.</p> <p>CodeIgniter has a powerful form validation library as demonstrated above. You can read <a class="reference internal" href="../libraries/form_validation.html"><em>more about this library here</em></a>.</p> <p>Continuing down, you can see a condition that checks whether the form validation ran successfully. If it did not, the form is displayed, if it was submitted <strong>and</strong> passed all the rules, the model is called. After this, a view is loaded to display a success message. Create a view at <em>application/views/news/success.php</em> and write a success message.</p> </div> <div class="section" id="model"> <h2>Model<a class="headerlink" href="#model" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> <p>The only thing that remains is writing a method that writes the data to the database. You’ll use the Query Builder class to insert the information and use the input library to get the posted data. Open up the model created earlier and add the following:</p> <div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">public</span> <span class="k">function</span> <span class="nf">set_news</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">load</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">helper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'url'</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="nv">$slug</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">url_title</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">input</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">post</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'title'</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="s1">'dash'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="k">TRUE</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="nv">$data</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">array</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="s1">'title'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">input</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">post</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'title'</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="s1">'slug'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="nv">$slug</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'text'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">input</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">post</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'text'</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">);</span> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">db</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'news'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$data</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="p">}</span> </pre></div> </div> <p>This new method takes care of inserting the news item into the database. The third line contains a new function, url_title(). This function - provided by the <a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/url_helper.html"><em>URL helper</em></a> - strips down the string you pass it, replacing all spaces by dashes (-) and makes sure everything is in lowercase characters. This leaves you with a nice slug, perfect for creating URIs.</p> <p>Let’s continue with preparing the record that is going to be inserted later, inside the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$data</span></tt> array. Each element corresponds with a column in the database table created earlier. You might notice a new method here, namely the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">post()</span></tt> method from the <a class="reference internal" href="../libraries/input.html"><em>input library</em></a>. This method makes sure the data is sanitized, protecting you from nasty attacks from others. The input library is loaded by default. At last, you insert our <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$data</span></tt> array into our database.</p> </div> <div class="section" id="routing"> <h2>Routing<a class="headerlink" href="#routing" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> <p>Before you can start adding news items into your CodeIgniter application you have to add an extra rule to <em>config/routes.php</em> file. Make sure your file contains the following. This makes sure CodeIgniter sees ‘create’ as a method instead of a news item’s slug.</p> <div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$route</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'news/create'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'news/create'</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="nv">$route</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'news/(:any)'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'news/view/$1'</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="nv">$route</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'news'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'news'</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="nv">$route</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'(:any)'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'pages/view/$1'</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="nv">$route</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'default_controller'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'pages/view'</span><span class="p">;</span> </pre></div> </div> <p>Now point your browser to your local development environment where you installed CodeIgniter and add index.php/news/create to the URL. Congratulations, you just created your first CodeIgniter application! Add some news and check out the different pages you made.</p> </div> </div> </div> <footer> <div class="rst-footer-buttons" role="navigation" aria-label="footer navigation"> <a href="conclusion.html" class="btn btn-neutral float-right" title="Conclusion">Next <span class="fa fa-arrow-circle-right"></span></a> <a href="news_section.html" class="btn btn-neutral" title="News section"><span class="fa fa-arrow-circle-left"></span> Previous</a> </div> <hr/> <div role="contentinfo"> <p> © Copyright 2014 - 2017, British Columbia Institute of Technology. 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